Automatic washer-dryer including a pre-spin impulse speed and unbalance switch means



Sept. 25, 1962 .w. TOMA 3,055,203

AUTOMATIC WASHER-DRYER INCLUDING A PRE-SPIN IMPULSE SPEED AND UNBALANCE SWITCH MEANS Filed Oct. 1, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 :2. l 95 2.2. 2.4 Z5 48 5a 27 29 z" I mmvrox 'J'OHN w. TOMA aj/ W H ATTORNEY Sept. 25, 1962 J. w. TOMA 3,0

AUTOMATIC WASHER-DRYER INCLUDING A PRE-SPIN IMPULSE SPEED AND UNBALANCE SWITCH MEANS Filed Oct. 1, 1959 4 Sheets$heet 2 FIGZ f INVENTOR.

TOHN w. TOMA MPZVM HIS ATTORNEY J. W. TOMA Sept. 25, 1962 SPEED AND UNBALANCE SWITCH MEANS 4 Sheet'sheet 3 Filed Oct. 1, 1959 R m m s m E g W ii 4 5|\ 4 4 m P na o l m M JQ Q. w 5 WE B w ll w .T

39 JOHN w. TOMA H l S ATTORNEY Sept. 25, 1962 AUTOMATIC WASHER-DRYER II ICLUDING A PRE-SPIN IMPULSE Filed Oct. 1, 1959 J w TOMA 3,055,203

SPEED AND UNBALANCE SWITCH MEANS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FILL DRAIN DRAIN DRAIN PRESFIN I WASH D Rmss I Rms: I/lspml DRY counsusew.

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PRESPIN TIMER RESET SPIN | l I I I I l I I 4 8 I1 I6 2 24 2B 32 36 4O 44 F I G. 5

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INVENTOR J'OHN W. TOMA BY W W H I S ATTORNEY 3,055,203 AUTOMATIC WASHER-DRYER INCLUDING A PRE-SPIN IMPULSE SPEED AND UNBALANCE SWITCH MEANS John W. Toma, Louisville, Ky., assignor to General Electric Company, a corporation of New York Filed Oct. 1, 1959, Ser. No. 843,755 3 Claims. (Cl. 68-12) This invention relates to combination washer-dryers, and more particularly to such machines wherein a washing operation is followed first by a centrifugal liquid extracting operation and then by a heat drying operation.

Combination washer-dryers are machines which provide for complete laundering of textile materials, that is, they provide a washing operation which includes washing and rinsing, a centrifugal extraction or spin operation for removing a substantial part of the water from the clothes after the wash operation, and a complete drying of the material, generally effected by tumbling the clothes in the presence of warm air. It has been found that, at the high speeds desirable for maximum liquid removal, forcing liquid radially outwardly through the materials during the centrifugal extraction operation has the effect of matting down the fibers of the materials and causing them to adhere to the inner surface of the clothes container so firmly that even after the container ceases to rotate at centrifuging speed they remain in that position. Inasmuch as the heat drying of the materials is dependent upon their being tumbled so as to continually present different surfaces to the circulating air, it Will readily be seen that, if the materials adhere to the periphery of the container after the centrifugal operation, the necessary tumbling will not occur and drying will not be effected.

Two major factors have been found to have bearing on the phenomenon of adherence of the materials to the inner container surface, in addition to the previously mentioned factor of speed. First, it has been observed that the greater the amount of liquid forced through the materials or the clothes the greater the tendency of the clothes to adhere to the container wall. It follows, then, that the less liquid contained in the clothes the higher the speed at which the container or basket can be rotated without the undesired adherence occurring. The second important factor is time: while high speeds and highly wet clothes will produce adherence, there is a time factor involved. In other words, if the high speed is provided only for a brief period, on the order of an impulse of a few seconds or a few tenths of a second, a substantial amount of Water is removed from the clothes during that period before the phenomenon of ad herence occurs. Thus, if the speed of rotation is decreased enough for the clothes to be redistributed prior to the minimum time for adherence to occur, the clothes will be dryer than before and sticking, i.e., the adherence phenomenon, will not have occurred. I have found that by providing one or more such brief intervals of spin, or impulses, and allowing redistribution of the clothes after each one I can remove a substantial amount of liquid from the clothes without sticking having oc-' curred, even though the speed of rotation attained during the impulse was one at which the sticking phenomenon does occur when the rotation is continued for more than a few seconds.

Once a substantial amount of water has been removed from the clothes by these impulses, the Water content of the clothes then becomes low enough so that the spin speed may be provided for the usual period of several minutes and sticking will not occur because the amount of water being forced through the clothes is not sufficient rates. atent I to cause adherence. Thus, adherence may be avoided at first by limiting the time during which the spin operation is provided before redistributing the clothes and then, after enough water has been removed in this manner, the normal spin operation to remove the usual amount of liquid by high speed centrifuging may be provided.

Based on the foregoing findings, it is therefore an object of my invention to provide a combination machine wherein the centrifugal liquid extraction operation is con ducted at a speed which would normally cause sticking of the clothes yet in which such sticking does not occur and therefore the clothes are free to tumble as desired during the heat drying operation.

A further object of my invention is to achieve this goal by providing a structure in which the spin operation includes high speed spin impulses for periods of time which are below the minimum time required for adherence until the amount of liquid in the cloths has been decreased to the point where the high speed spin may be provided for the longer usual period without sticking occurring.

In accordance with my invention, I provide, in a combination washing and drying machine, a rotatable clothes basket which, usually, is rotatable on a substantially nonvertical axis. The basket is driven by a suitable drive assembly and an electrical drive control means causes the drive assembly to rotate the basket either at a relatively low clothes tumbling speed for washing and drying operations or at a relatively high speed for a centrifugal liquid extraction operation. To effect good liquid removal it is necessary that the centrifugal liquid extraction operation be effected above the minimum speed at which clothes will normally continue to adhere to the inner surface of the basket after the low speed is resumed; accordingly, my drive assembly and drive control means are arranged to cause the provision of such a high speed for such period. My machine also includes conventional means for effecting the washing operation and conventional means for effecting a heat drying operation. The washing means, the drying means and the electrical drive control means are all controlled by a sequence control means which provides in sequence a washing operation, a centrifugal liquid extraction operation and a drying operation. In addition, the sequence control means causes the drive control means to provide, after the washing operation, at least one brief spin operation, or impulse, at a sticking speed, the impulse being provided prior to the usual spin operation and lasting for less than the minimum period required for clothes adherence. After this brief spin the basket speed is caused to be de creased to effect redistribution of the clothes prior to the standard spin operation. By effecting a substantial amount of liquid removal during the brief spin operation, or pre-spin impulse, the liquid content of the clothes is decreased to the point where the high centrifugal extraction speed may then be carried on in the usual manner for the usual length of time without adherence occurring.

The subject matter which I regard as my invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of this specification. My invention itself, however, may best be understood be reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIGURE 1 is a rear elevational view of a combination washer-dryer incorporating my improved arrangement, with the rear panel removed to illustrate details;

FIGURE 2 is a side elevational view of the machine of FIGURE 1, partly in section with certain surfaces broken away to show details;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the machine illustrating a portion of the control components thereof;

FIGURE 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit appropriate for use in providing the improved control sequence;

FIGURE 5 is a cam chart representing a development of the surface of the top ten cams shown in FIGURE 4, and

FIGURE 6 is a cam chart representing a development of the surfaces of the bottom four cams shown in FIG- URE 4.

Referring now to FIGURES 1 and. 2 of the drawings, there is shown a combination clothes washing and drying machine wherein the operating elements of the machine are included within an outer cabinet structure having a central wrap-around section 1. Section 1 is supported on a base and toe board assembly 2 and carries a separate top 3 on which is supported a backsplasher and control panle 4 which may, as shown, be mounted on posts 5. Control panel '4 is provided with appropriate manual controls, generally shown at 6, which may control various types of washing and drying sequences and various other functions such as water temperature, omission of dryer function, etc. Access to the interior of the machine is provided by adoor 7 formed in section 1, the door being mounted on concealed hinges and being opened by suitable means such as latch control 8.

As best shown in FIGURE 2, the machine is preferably of the nonvertical axis type, in this particular case the axis being horizontal. In other words, the machine has a clothes basket or container 9 mounted for rotation on a generally horizontal axis with an outer enclosing tub structure 10. Basket 9 comprises a cylindrical outer Wall 11 provided with a plurality of suitably spaced perforations 12 to allow air and water communication between the interior and the exterior of basket 9. The rear of the basket is closed by means of a suitable wall or plate 13. The basket also includes a front wall 14 which is formed so as to define an access or loading opening 15 in registry with an opening 16 in wraparound section 1 provided for door 7. The container is rotatably supported by a shaft 17 which is mounted in an elongated bearing 18 supported from rear wall 19 of tub -10. The tub is also provided with an opening 20 aligned with openings 15 and -16 so that clothes may be placed into and removed from the basket when door 7 is opened. The door seals against a suitable gasket 21 during operation of the machine.

During the operation of the machine the basket 9 is driven from an electric motor 22. The drive from the 7,

motor to the basket includes a pulley 23 which is secured to the motor shaft so as to rotate therewith and over which passes a belt 24 driving an adjustable sheave assembly 25. From the adjustable sheave assembly 25 a belt 26 drives a pulley 27 which is secured to rotate with a pulley 28 mounted on a linkage 29 secured to the base 2 of the machine. A belt 30 connects pulley 28 to a pulley 31 secured on the end of shaft 17 so that rotation of pulley 31 causes rotation of the shaft and consequently of the basket 9. The drive arrangement provides, for a single speed of motor 22, different speeds of rotation of the basket as controlled by the adjustable sheave assembly 25,. The arrangement of the adjustable sheave assembly 25 is in turn controlled by a small electric gear motor assembly 32 (FIGURE 2) which drives a pulley 33 connected by a chain 34 to an arm 35 secured in controlling relation to the sheave assembly 25. The precise manner in which the adjustable sheave assembly controls the speed is conventional, and is fully described and illustrated in, for instance, application Serial No. 781,778 filed on December 19, 1958, now Patent No. 2,970,464 and assigned to the General Electric Company, 'assignee of the. present invention. When the gear motor is not operating, a spring 36, secured at one end 37 to the base 2 of the machine and at its other end 38, to the adjustable sheave assembly, pulls assembly 25 to the left (FIGURE 1). to a relatively low speed such as, for instance, 47 rpm.

to be provided for tumbling the clothes in the basket both during a washing operation and a drying operation and for achieving an appropriate circulation of air during the heat drying operation. Similarly, when operation of the gear motor causes chain 34 to be Wound up on pulley 33 assembly 25 is pulled over to the right to transmit a relatively high speed on the order of 300 r.p.m. or more for centritugally extracting liquid from the clothes; this is commonly done after the washing operation and prior to the heat drying operation. In accordance with the illustrated embodiment of my invention, the rotation of motor 22 is such as to provide a clockwise rotation of basket 9 as viewed in FIGURE 1.

To heat the clothes during the drying portion of the cycle, there is provided in the machine a heater assembly including two electric heaters 39 and 40. The heaters are adjacent the outer surface of wall 11 of the basket so that during low speed rotation of the basket the wall is heated, the air adjacent the heaters is heated, and heat is provided directly to the clothes by radiation through perforations 12. Behind the heaters a suitable reflector plate 41 may be provided so as to assist in the beating of the clothes by reflecting heat from behind the heaters back into and against the drum.

The illustrated machine also includes suitable water supply means having connections 42 and 43 through which hot and cold water is supplied to the machine for the washing operation. A valve controlled by a solenoid 44 admits hot water to the machine, and a valve controlled .by an opposed solenoid 45 admits cold water to the machine. Hot and cold water valves under the control of solenoids '44 and 45 discharge through a common outlet conduit 46, through a suitable air gap, and into a funnel 47 which leads through a conduit 48 to a sump 49 formed at the bottom of tub 10. The air gap provided by the funnel 45 makes it impossible for water to be syphoned from the machine and thus contaminate the incoming water supply line. A pressure actuated sensing device, or water level control, 50, controls both solenoids 44 and 45 to maintain the proper water level in the machine during the Washing operation. Sensing device 50 is con= nected to the interior of tub 10 by a conduit 51. V The illustrated machine is of the type which provides cold water during the drying cycle for condensing from the circulating air the moisture extracted from the clothes, the air circulating near the heaters, then over the clothes, and then adjacent the moisture condensing means. The condensing water is admitted to the machine through an additional solenoid actuated valve 52 which is energized during the drying operation so that the valve passes water at a slow rate sufficient to condense from the air the moisture vaporized from the clothes. As shown, the condenser water discharges into a conduit 53 and then passes through an appropriate air gap to a funnel 54 and a conduit 55 which connects with an opening 56 in the side of tub 10. From opening 56 the condenser Water passes into the tub 10 and then flows in a thin sheet down the lower left Wall 57 so as to cool a substantial portion of the area of the side wall and provide a large cool surface for condensing the moisture extracted from the clothes.

The wash and rinse Water used during the washing portion of the operation and the condenser water and the moisture extracted from the clothes during the drying operation are discharged from the machine through the sump 49 mounted at the bottom of the tub. A suitable discharge hose 58 leads from the sump to a motor driven drain pump 59 which discharges through an outlet 60 to a valve 61 controlled by a suitable solenoid (schematically shown at 62 in FIGURE 4). Since pump 59 is continually operated, the draining of water from sump 49 is controlled by the drain valve, draining occurring upon energization of solenoid 62.

With the apparatus described, any suitable sequence derived from the basic sequence of washing, rinsing, draining and spinning may be utilized to effect the washing operation of the cycle; this is followed by a suitable centrifugal liquid extraction operation or spin so that at the end of the washing operation a substantial part of the liquid in the clothes is removed therefrom. This in turn may be followed, where so desired by the operator, by suitable heating of the clothes as they are tumbled in basket 9.

Referring now to FIGURE 4, in order to provide automatically the proper sequence of operations there is provided a sequence control in which a primary timer motor 63 controls a plurality of timer switches 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, and 74. Switches 64-74 are actuated in a desired sequence by appropriate switch operating means driven by the timer as indicatedschematically in FIGURE 5. Sequence controls are well known, and several types are commercially available; the representation of FIGURES 4 and 5 is therefore schematic, it being understood that each of the switches 64-74 is operated by conventional means such as cams. Each of the switches 64-7 4 of FIGURE 4 is closed during the periods indicated by the heavy black lines in FIGURE 5. In other words, the chart of FIGURE 5 may be regarded for the purposes of this application to be a development of the peripheries of the respective switch operating cams, the heavy lines showing the cam rises.

The power connections for the machine include a pair of line conductors 75 and 76 having a potential of 230 volts between them, and a neutral conductor 77 which has a potential difference of 115 volts with each of the conductors 75 and 76. Switches 64 and 65 are respectively connected by conductors 78 and 79 between conductor 75 on the one hand, and a conductor 80 on the other hand. Switch 66 controls the condenser valve solenoid 52, being in series with it between the conductor 89 and neutral 77 and thus across 115 volts. Switch 67 is in series with hot water valve 44 between conductors 77 and 80, and switch 68 is in series with cold water valve solenoid 45 between conductors 77 and 80. Both the hot and cold Water solenoids are also in series with the water level control switch 50, and a manually operable switch 81 is provided to permit both solenoids 44 and 45 to be energized when switch 67 is closed so as to provide warm water rather than hot water for washing purposes.

Switch 72 is in series with the drain Valve controlling solenoid 62 between conductors 77 and 80; inasmuch as the main drive motor 22 operates continuously during the washing and heat drying operations (as will be further explained below), the closing of switch 72, by its energization of solenoid 62, determines when the pump driven by the motor will be operative or inoperative.

A relay device 81a is provided which controls a pair of switches 82 and 83 respectively positioned in lines 75 and 76. In the same manner as the other components, relay 81a is controlled by being in series with timer operated switch 70 between conductors 80 and 77. When the relay is energized it causes switches 82 and 83 to close. When these two switches are closed a 230 volt energizing circuit for the heaters 39 and 40 is completed across conductors 75 and 76.

In addition to the above-mentioned switches, timer motor 63 also controls a switch 73 which is in series with a solenoid member 84 so as to control the energization thereof. Extending from solenoid 84 is a plunger member 85 whose end 86 engages a ratchet wheel 87 provided with a spring 88 biasing it to rotate clockwise to the position shown, in which a cam member 89 carried by wheel 87 points to the right (as viewed in FIGURE 4). It will readily be seen that when solenoid member 85 is in its extended position it prevents the spring 88 from rotating the ratchet 87. In addition the plunger 85 is springbiased to the position shown so that when the ratchet is rotated counterclockwise (in a manner to be described) the plunger will yield before the rises on the ratchet member and will then spring outwardly to retain the ratchet 6 member in whatever position it has been moved to in the counterclockwise direction.

The last switch 74 controlled by timer motor 63 is in series with an auxiliary timer motor 90 between conductors 77 and 80. Timer motor 90 controls tour switches including three conventional timer switches 91, 92, and 93 and a fourth switch 94 which is formed so as to be movable from the open posit-ion shown in solid outline to the closed position shown in phantom outline. Switch 94 is also positioned so as to be sensitive to unbalancecaused vibrations of tub 10, which result from high speed rotation of basket 9 with a substantially unbalanced load therein. In order to permit these vibrations to occur, the tub :10 may be mounted on elongated members 94a (FIGURE 1) connected at one end 95 to the base and at the other end 96 to the tub member. Because the supporting members 94a are relatively long and thin, they permit a limited amount of sideways vibration of the tub and basket to occur when the basket is rotating at high speed with an unbalance therein; the vibrations become greater as either the unbalance or the speed increases.

Referring now to FIGURE 3, a member 97 is tormed extending from the bottom of tub 10 so as to engage the switch 94 upon excessive vibration. The end of member 97 is shown in FIGURE 4, and it will be seen that when it moves toward :the switch 94, that is, trom the position shown in phantom :to the position shown in solid outline, it engages the end of switch 94 and causes it to move to its open position, that is, from the switch position shown in phantom to the switch position shown in solid outline. Thus, with respect to switch 94, it is movable by the timer motor from its open to its closed position where it remains until it is moved back to its open position by unbalance member 97.

Switch 91 controls the operation of the main motor 22, provided a switch member 99 has not caused engagement of contacts 100 and 10 1 with stationary contacts 162 and 16 3 respectively. Thus, when switch member 99 is open switch 91 controls the operation of motor 22. When switch 99 is closed, the motor is operated independently of switch 91 through a circuit which, starting at neutral conductors 77, proceeds through the motor, a conductor 164, contacts 103 and 101, and conduc itors 105 and 106 to conductor 80.

Both switches 92 and 93 are in series with the gear motor assembly 32. In addition, switch 94 is in series with the gear motor assembly 32 so that in order for the gear motor .to be energized between conductors 80 and 77 when switch 99 is opened, all three switches 92, 93 and 94 must be closed. When switch 99 is closed, a circuit for the gear mot-or assembly 32 may then be completed, independently of switches 92 and 93, starting at conductor 8i} and extending through conductors 106 and 105, contacts 108' and 102, switch 71, conductor 107, the gear motor assembly itself, and switch 94 to conductor 77.

In order to cause movement of ratchet wheel 87, there is provided a solenoid member 108 having a plunger 109 intended to engage the ratchet 87 and move it a quarter revolution upon each energization of the solenoid 108. The solenoid is energized between conductors 80 and 7'7 through conductor 106, switch 99, a contact 99a, the solenoid itself, and a conductor 11% which includes a centrifugal switch 111 responsive to basket speed. Switch 99 engages contact 99a when contacts 100 and 101 are separated from contacts i162 and 103 and separates from contact 99a when the other contacts are closed. Switch 111 may be provided at any appropriate part of the machine, for instance, as shown in FIGURE 1, it may be secured to the back wall of tub 10 with a portion 112 in engagement with belt 30 so as to sense rotation of that belt as caused by the motor 22.

It will readily be seen, by reference to FIGURES 4 and 5 that the timer motor 63, by operating switches 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73 and 74 in the sequence shown in causes an appropriate sequence of operations to be performed for either a washing cycle or a complete washing and drying cycle. 'I'hus, typically, at the beginning of an operation switches 65, 67, and 72, are closed. Upon the closing of switch 65 conductor '80 is connected to conductor 75. Because ratchet wheel 87 is in the position shown with the cam member 89 in dotted outline to close the contacts v100, 191, .102 and 103 of switch 99, motor 22 is energized through the circuit which avoids any control irom switch 91. In other words, main motor 22 is energized continuously, and with the gear motor assembly 32 not energized (because switches 71, 92, and 93 are all opened) motor 22 will rotate the 'basket 9 at low speed in order to effect tumbling of the clothes. With switch 67 closed, solenoid 44 opens its valve to permit hot water to enter the drum until pressure sensitive switch 50 opens; in the event that a warm wash has been selected by depression of bution 81, cold water also enters so as to form, together the 'hot water, warm water to be provided for the washing operation. At the end of the wash step, solenoid 62 controlling the drain valve is tie-energized by the opening of switch '72. When the solenoid was energized the drain valve was, as described above, closed to permit the machine to retain water for washing purposes. When the solenoid 62 is dc-energized the drain valve then opens thus permitting the continually operating pump to pass the water out of themachine to the drain. After an appropriate drain period is timed by motor 63, solenoid 62 is energized to close the drain and cold water solenoid 45 is energized by the closing of switch 68 to cause cold water to be provided for a rinsing step. After another drain, both the hot and cold water solenoids are energized for a warm water rinse, and then this water is also drained out. This terminates the washing operation, with the clothes at the end of the third drain being clean but completely wet.

At this point, it is the purpose of the machine to spin a substantial amount of water out of the clothes so that the heat drying operation may be limited to as short a period as possible. Timer motor 63 then causes switches 71, 73 and 74 to be closed. The closing of switch 73 is very brief, lasting possibly for only one brief impulse of the timer motor. When switch 73 closes solenoid 84 is energized :to pull back the plunger 85. This permits spring 88 to return ratchet wheel 87 to the position where cam 89 is in the position shown in solid outline, that is, to a position where contacts 100, 101, 102, and 103 of switch 99 are opened and contact 99a is closed. The period during which switch 73 is closed is made just long enough for the ratchet wheel 87 to reset, after which switch 73 is again opened with plunger 85 returning to the position shown so as to be in engagement with ratchet wheel 87 and prevent clockwise movement thereof.

With contacts 100, 101, i102, and 193 of switch 99 open, it will readily be seen that the operation of the main motor 22 and of the gear motor assembly 32 becomes dependent on the positions of the switches controlled by auxiliary timing motor 90, these switches all being in open position when the timer motor 90 is not in operation. The closing of switch 74 starts the timer motor 90 in operation. While the main motor 63 is of the usual type for controlling an entire wash and dry cycle lasting many minutes, the auxiliary timer motor 90 is of the type which causes its controlled cam-s to provide a complete revolution much more quickly, for instance, on the order of 30 seconds as shown in FIGURE 6. Thus, once motor 90 is energized the cams controlling switches 91, 92, 93 and 94 start to rotate. It will be recalled that, at this point, with switch 911 open, motor 22 has ceased to operate so that the clothes are no longer being tumbled. After five seconds of operation of motor 90 switch 91 is closed to energize motor 22 directly between conductors 77 land 80. Since switch 92 is still open, this causes motor '22 to start once again to tumble the clothes. Five 8 l seconds later, after ten seconds of operation of motor 90, switch 92 is closed. Since switch 93 was already closed, and since switch 94 is closed, a complete circuit for energizing gear motor assembly 32 is provided; the gear motor, by moving the sheave assembly 25 of FIG- URE 1, starts to accelerate the basket toward its high spin speed of, for instance, 300 rpm.

This operation continues ior about 3 seconds afiter which switch 93 opens thereby de-energizing gear motor assembly 32. This three second period of operation of gear motor assembly 32 is just sufficient to bring the basket speed up to the full spin speed of 300 rpm. for a very brief period of .a fraction of a second, the speed immediately thereafter being decreased back to tumble because of the opening of switch 93. The 300 rpm. speed attained during this three second interval of acceleration from tumble speed is one at which sticking of the clothes to the inner surface of the basket will eventually occur. However, it has turther been ascertained that, with the amount of water retained in a clothes load prior to any spinning, it takes a finite period of several seconds before the clothes adhere to the inner surface of the basket. For this reason, the operation of the basket at 300 rpm. for a period or" less than one second, although it removes a substantial amount of water, does not cause sticking of the clothes.

Thus, when switch 93 is opened and the basket is returned to tumble speed, the clothes will fall away from the periphery of the basket and be tumbled as before. As a preferred step, I further insure the falling away of the clothes from the basket by completely stopping motor rotation. This is achieved by opening switch 91 after fifteen seconds of operation of timer 99, thereby to deer:- ergize motor 22 and stop the basket rotation altogether. Switch 92 is subsequently opened, for instance, at about 17 seconds, and switch 93 is subsequently closed, for instance, at about 22 seconds, so that they have their originel positions. 'It will be understood at this point that the provision of two switches 92 and 93 for control of the gear motor assembly 32 is primarily for practical purposes. The exceedingly brief time of operation of gear motor 32, and the fast make-andbreak action needed being more readily obtained by the use of two separate switches than :by the use of a single cam controlled switch.

Thus, at the end of twenty-two seconds it will be seen that switches 91, 92 and 93 are in the same position as at the beginning of :the operation of timer motor 90, with a single brief-pre-spin operation, or impulse, having been conducted at spin speed but for :a period less than that at which sticking will occur. It will readily be recognized that while the 300 rpm. speed may be obtained without sticking occurring by limiting the time during which this speed is provided, laundry machines having a spin cycle are necessarily subject to unbalanced distribution of the clothes in the basket. It is for this reason that the structure shown in FIGURE 3 is provided. In this connection, the motor also controls switch 94 causing it .to close for a very brief period of perhaps 1 or 2 seconds just before the closing of switch 92. It will, of course, be recognized that since switch 94 is a two-position switch it may already be in the closed position in which case the closing action is without elfect. However, should there previously have been an unbalance trip by the engagement of member 97 with switch 94, the closing of the switch is necessary. The operation of switch 94 is important in that, if the clothes load in hasket 9 is unbalanced to the extent that a speed of 300 rpm. would cause undesirable vibrations, extending member 97 will cause switch 94 to open thus de-energizing gear motor assembly 32 independently of the operation of switches 92 and 93. In case of severe unbalances, this tripping of switch 94 may be caused at quite low speeds (such as for instance rpm.) whereas if the unbalance is not so severe the unbalance switch may nonesolenoid .theless trip but not until the speed of the basket has risen 10,-for instance, over 200 rpm.

Below a speed of 200 r.p.m., relatively little water is removed from the clothes by a brief spin operation such as that described. Thus, in order to insure that a minimum number of spinning impulses of sufficiently high speed to remove a satisfactory amount of water are provided, the solenoid 108 as controlled by centrifugal switch 111 is provided and is made energizable by the closing of contact 99a. Switch 111 is so formed that it closes only when a satisfactory basket speed, such as for instance 200 r.p.m. has been reached. Each time switch 111 closes it causes energization of solenoid 168 (with contact 99a closed) and upon such energization plunger 109 moves out into engagement with ratchet Wheel 87 to cause the ratchet wheel to rotate counterclockwise one quarter of a revolution. It will be observed at this point that while plunger 85 of solenoid 84 prevents clockwise revolution of the ratchet wheel, it does not prevent counterclockwise rotation; thus, it permits the rotation of the ratchet wheel under the influence of solenoid 108 while preventing the ratchet wheel from returning in a clockwise direction after the solenoid 198 has been de-energized again by a decrease in speed. In this manner, each time that the speed increases over 200 r.p.m. the ratchet wheel 87 is caused to rotate one quarter of a revolution with the cam member 89 being moved around into closing position for contacts 1%, 101, 102, and 103 and opening position for contact 99a of switch 99 on the third such operation of It will thus be seen that regardless of whether the gear motor assembly 32 is de-energized by the opening of switch 94 or of switch 93, the ratchet 8-7 will be advanced A turn provided the unbalance occurred at a speed above 200 r.p.m.; similarly, if switch 94 operated at a very low speed because of a very substantial unbalance, the ratchet wheel 87 would not be operated. In this manner a high speed impulse, either at the proposed spin speed or at a speed less than that but sufiicient to extract a substantial amount of water, will cause one pre-spin impulse to have been tolled by the ratchet wheel 87.

Returning to FIGURE 6, it will be seen that during the twenty second period between the fifteenth second, when switch 91 opens, and the fifth second of the next rotation of the cams by auxiliary timer 9%, the basket 9 completely stops. sion of a decrease in speed sumcient in magnitude and length for all articles of clothing to fall away from the basket inner surface. At the fifth second, as before, the switch 91 is closed to cause tumbling; at the tenth second the switch 92 is closed to provide a pre-spin impulse; at the thirteenth second the switch 93 is opened to terminate the impulse if it has not already been terminated by the operation of switch 94 by member 97; and at the fifteenth second the switch 91 opens to stop the motor operation again, with switches 92 and 93 shortly thereafter resetting themselves to their original position. If the spin speed has passed above 200 r.p.m., regardless of whether the impulse was terminated by switch 93 or switch 94, .solenoid 1% will be energized to cause another quarter revolution of ratchet wheel 87. It will readily be understood that if an unbalance trip should occur below 200 r.p.m., this merely represents a wasted period of thirty seconds, since a full revolution of the cams controlled by timer motor 90 will occur without advancing ratchet 87.

After the third speed increase above 200 rpm. cam 89 has been moved :to the position shown in dotted outline so that it then causes switch 99 to be closed with contact 100 engaging contact 102 and contact 101 engaging contact 103. This completes again the circuit for the main motor which, starting with conductor 77, passes through the main motor, conductor 10 1-, switch 99, and conductors 105' and 106 to conductor 84 Thus, the mo tor 22 starts a continuous tumbling operation independently of the position of switch 91 which, however, may

In efiect, this stop represents the provicontinue to be operated as long as the operation of motor 90 continues. In a similar manner, the energizatin of gear motor assembly 32, once switch 99 is closed, is eftected through a circuit starting at conductor 77, and passing through switch 94, the gear motor assembly 32, conductor 107, closed timer operated switch 71, switch 99, and conductors 195 and 106 leading to conductor Thus, with the timer operated switch 71 closed, gear motor assembly 32 is energized continuously by the closing of switch 99 subject, of course, to unbalances as determined by the engagement of member 97 with switch 94. Consequently, after the second impulse, when the basket comes up to spin speed for :the third time it continues to spin 'for any desired period, such as, -for instance, three minutes as tolled by timer motor 63. If, there should be an undesirable unbalance and switch 94 should open, the fact that timer motor 9% is continuing to operate means that there will be up to a 30 second period during which the tumbling of the basket will redistribute the clothes and then switch 94 will again close so that the continued spin operation may be provided. This result is insured by virtue of the fact that contact 99a is open, preventing energization of solenoid 108 and insuring retention of the closed relation of contacts 190, 101, 102 and 103 until solenoid 84- is energized during a subsequent operation.

At the point the continued high speed spin of 300 rpm.

is provided but it does not cause sticking. Although it,

would have caused sticking of the clothes if it had been provided immediately subsequent to the wash operation, it does not cause the clothes to stick to the inner sun-face of :the basket in the machine described because a substantial amount of water has already been removed from the clothes by the pre-spin impulse. In fact, the amount of water so removed is sufficient to prevent the matting of the clothes against the inner surface of the basket which occurs as a result of a substantial amount of water passing through them, and a speed which, if no pre-spin impulses had been provided, would have caused sticking may be provided without the sticking occurring. Thus, the effective high speed spin of 300 r.p.m. may be provided with a full assurance that sticking will not occur.

To complete the description of the machine, at the end of the spin operation the switches 71 and 74 are opened, the opening of switch 71 effectively preventing further operation of gear motor assembly 32 and the opening of switch 74 de-energizing auxiliary timer motor Shortly previous to the end of spin the switch 64 is closed by the main timer motor 63, and at the end of the spin op eration the switch 65 opens. If the manually operated button 113 has been depresed to open the circuit of switch 64 its closing'will have no effect, and the opening of switch 65 will cause termination of the cycle with the clothes being in a damp dry condition. However, if button 113 is not depressed, the timer motor operation will continue due to the fact that switch 64 completes the same connection between conductors 75 and 80 as switch 65 and therefore .the opening of switch 65 is without effect. Also, at the end of the spin operation switch 70 closes to cause closing of switches 82 and 83 thereby energizing heaters 39 and 40, and switch 66 closes energizing the condenser valve solenoid 52. The timer motor 63 then tolls out an appropriate drying period, at the end of which the switch 70 is opened to de-energize the heaters. A further period of tumbling is provided to provide for clothes cool-down, and then the cycle is terminated by the opening of switches 64 and 66.

It will readily be seen from the foregoing that my improved machine provides a complete clothes laundering operation including washing, centrifugal liquid extraction and heat drying. It will further be seen that a desirable high speed for the centrifugal extraction operation may be provided in order to extract as much liquid as practical from the clothes prior to heat drying without the undesirable concomitant of the clothes adhering to the inner surface of the basket. This is achieved by providing, prior to the spin operation, brief spin impulses which, unless otherwise controlled by an unbalance sensitive mechanism,'are preferably provided at the spin speed but for such brief periods that sticking does not occur. It will readily be seen that by this arrang ment a conventional two speed'type of control (such as that shown) may be utilized to effect tumbling, the spin operation, and the pro-spin impulses.

While in accordance with the patent statutes I have described what at present is considered to be the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the invention, and I therefore aim to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a combination washing and drying machine: a rotatable clothes basket; a drive assembly for said basket; electrical drive control means for said drive assembly operable to cause said drive assembly to rotate said basket at a relatively low clothes tumbling speed for Washing "and drying operations and at a relatively high speed for a centrifugal liquid extraction operation, said centrifugal extraction operation being eiiected above the minimum speed and period at which clothes normally continue to adhere to the inner surface of said basket after said low speed is resumed; means for eifecting a Washing operation; means for effecting a drying operation; primary "sequence control means controlling all the aforesaid means to provide in sequence a Washing operation, a centrifugal liquid extraction operation, and a drying operation, auxiliary sequence control means energized by said primary sequence control means subsequent to a washing operation, said auxiliary sequence control means, in- "cluding means for causing said drive control means to provide a plurality of pre-spin impulses at an impulse speed above said minimum speed, each of said impulses being for less than the minimum period required for clothes adherence and being followed by a decrease in speed suitable to effect redistribution of the clothes; and switch means sensitive to unbalance vibrations of said basket, said unbalance switch means being arranged to return said clothes basket to a decreased speed suitable to effect redistribution of the clothes upon sensing vibrations of a predetermined magnitude whereby each said 'impulse reaches said impulse speed only in the case of no unbalance of the magnitude necessary to operate said unbalance switch means.

2. In a combination washing and drying machine: a rotatable clothes basket; a drive assembly for said basket; electrical drive control means for said drive assembly operable to cause said drive assembly to rotate said basket at a relatively low clothes tumbling speed for washing and drying operations and at a relatively high speed for a centrifugal liquid extraction operation, said centrifugal extraction operation being elfected above the minimum speed and period at which clothes normally continue to adhere to the inner surface of said basket after said low speed is resumed; means for effecting a washing operation; means for effecting a drying operation; sequence control means controlling all of the aforesaid means to provide in sequence a Washing operation, a centrifugal liquid extraction operation, and a drying operation; said sequence control means including means for causing said drive control means to provide after said washing operation, at least once prior to said centrifugal extraction operation, a pre-spin impulse above said minimum speed for less than the minimum period required for clothes adherence followed by a decrease in speed suitable to effect redistribution of the clothes; and switch means sensitive to unbalance vibrations of said basket, said unbalance switch means being arranged to return said clothes basket to a decreased speed suitable to effect redistribution of the clothes upon sensing vibrations of a predetermined magnitude whereby said impulse reaches the impulse speed only in the case of no unbalance of the magnitude necessary to operate said unbalance switch means.

7 3. In a combination washing and drying machine: a rotatable clothes basket; a drive assembly for said basket; an electrical drive control means for said drive assembly operable to cause said drive assembly to rotate said basket at .a relatively low clothes tumbling speed for washing and drying operations and at a relatively high speed for a centrifugal liquid extraction operation, said centrifugal extraction operation being effected above the 'minimum speed and period at which clothes normally continue to adhere to the inner surface of said basket after said low speed is resumed; means for effecting a washing operation; means for effecting a drying operation; primary sequence control means controlling all the aforesaid means to provide in sequence a washing operation, a centrifugal liquid extraction operation, and a drying operation; auxiliary sequence control means ener- 5 'gized by said primary sequence control means subse- 'quent to a washing operation, said auxiliary sequence control means including means for causing said drive control means to provide a plurality of pre-spin impulses at an impulse speed above said minimum speed, each of said impulses being for less than the minimum period required for clothes adherence and being followed by a decrease in speed suitable to effect redistribution of the clothes; unbalance switch means operable to return said basket to a decreased speed suitable to effect redistribution of the clothes upon sensing vibrations of a predetermined magnitude; and counting means responsive to attainment of an effective liquid extracting speed in each impulse, said counting means further being effective to limit the number of impulses attaining said efiective speed and then remove control of said drive control means from said auxiliary sequence control means, impulses which do not attain said effective speed not being effective to make said counting means advance.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,311,545 Hurley et al. Feb. 16, 1943 2,656,695 Miller Oct. 27, 1953 2,695,103 Armstrong Nov. 23, 1954 2,760,639 Haverstock Aug. 28, 1956 2,875,526 Engel et al. Mar. 3, 1959 

